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Judaism is a monotheistic religion originating in the Middle East, founded on the covenant between God and the Israelites as revealed to Moses in the Torah. It is one of the three Abrahamic religions, along with Christianity and Islam, all of which share a common lineage through the patriarch Abraham. Judaism emphasizes the belief in one eternal and transcendent God, who is the creator of the universe and the source of moral laws. The religion’s teachings are based on the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Tanakh, which consists of three parts: the Torah (the five books of Moses), the Nevi’im (the prophets), and the Ketuvim (the writings). In Judaism, the concept of hell is known as Gehenna. It is a place of punishment for those who have sinned grievously during their lifetime, but it is not an eternal destination. Rather, it is seen as a temporary state of purification, after which souls are believed to be reunited with God. Judaism has a rich history and tradition, with numerous practices, rituals, and customs that have evolved over centuries. It has also made significant contributions to Western civilization, particularly in the areas of ethics, law, philosophy, and culture. Overall, Judaism is a complex and multifaceted religion that continues to shape the lives of millions of people around the world.