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The Torah, also known as the Pentateuch, is the first five books of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. It consists of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The Torah is considered the foundational text of Judaism, containing Jewish laws, practices, and beliefs. It is also central to Christianity, particularly in its depiction of the history of humanity, the covenant between God and Abraham, and the giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai. In the context of monotheistic religions and the Abrahamic faiths, the Torah holds a unique place as the earliest recorded divine revelation. It lays the groundwork for the concepts of one God, moral laws, and ethical behavior that would become central tenets of these religions. The Torah also serves as a historical record of the early Israelites, their ancestors, and their relationship with God. The Torah's teachings continue to be studied and interpreted by scholars, rabbis, and religious leaders in both Judaism and Christianity. Its stories and lessons have had a profound impact on Western civilization, influencing literature, art, philosophy, and culture for thousands of years. As the foundational text of the Old Testament, the Torah sets the stage for the events, figures, and themes that would shape the rest of the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament.