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Geology is the scientific study of the Earth's physical structure, composition, and processes. As a component of paleontology within environmental science and the larger field of science, geology focuses on understanding how the Earth has changed over time through various geological events such as volcanic activity, earthquakes, and erosion. It encompasses the examination of rocks, minerals, soil, and other earth materials to uncover clues about the planet's past and present conditions. Geologists also study natural resources and hazards associated with the Earth's crust, making this subfield critical for environmental sustainability and disaster management. By delving into the history of the Earth and its various systems, geology provides valuable insights that contribute to our understanding of the world around us.