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Confucianism is a philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Chinese philosopher Confucius. It emphasizes the importance of personal and governmental morality, justice, sincerity, loyalty, and filial piety. Key principles include the Five Relationships (ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, older brother-younger brother, friend-friend) and the concept of ren, or benevolence. Confucianism has had a profound influence on Chinese culture and has also spread to other East Asian countries.