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Ecology within Oncology explores the complex interplay between cancer and ecosystems, including how environmental factors influence tumor development, progression, and treatment responses. It encompasses research on the impacts of pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss on cancer prevalence and patient outcomes, as well as the ecological implications of cancer treatments, such as antibiotic resistance and disruptions to microbial communities. By integrating principles from ecology, evolution, and oncology, this subfield fosters a more comprehensive understanding of cancer's multifaceted relationship with the natural world, ultimately informing prevention strategies and therapeutic approaches that consider both human health and environmental sustainability.