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Cattle are domesticated bovines primarily raised for their meat and milk production, originating from southwestern Europe and northern Africa. They are characterized by a sturdy build, a large head with horns or polled (hornless) variants, and a distinctive hump on their shoulders in certain breeds. Cattle possess a strong herding instinct and exhibit complex social behaviors. Their adaptability to various climates has led to the development of numerous breeds worldwide, each with unique characteristics and uses. In addition to meat and milk, cattle provide leather, manure for fertilizer, draft power in some regions, and are integral to many cultural traditions and religious practices.