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Physiology is the study of how living organisms function at a biological level, including humans and other animals as well as plants. It focuses on organs, tissues, cells, and bio-molecules, examining their structures, functions, interactions, and processes in various systems within the body, such as nervous, muscular, respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory, endocrine, reproductive, immune, integumentary, skeletal, and lymphatic systems. As a subcategory of Biology, Physiology explores how these components work together to maintain life and enable organisms to adapt, respond, and evolve in their environments. By understanding the principles of physiology, one gains insights into health, disease, and potential treatments or cures for various medical conditions. Thus, it has broad implications not only for biology but also for medicine, sports science, agriculture, ecology, and other related fields.