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Immunology is the study of the immune system, which is the body's defense against infection and disease. This field examines the cells, tissues, and organs involved in immunity, as well as the molecules and processes that allow the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances. Immunology fits into the hierarchy of Science/Life Science/Cellular Biology/Life Science Microbiology by focusing on the immune responses at the cellular and molecular level. It builds upon the foundational knowledge of life science and microbiology to understand how the body protects itself from pathogens, as well as how dysfunctions in the immune system can lead to illnesses such as autoimmune disorders and cancer. The study of immunology encompasses a wide range of topics, including the development and function of different types of immune cells, the mechanisms of antibody production, the role of inflammation in immunity, and the interactions between the immune system and other biological systems. Immunologists use a variety of techniques to investigate these processes, including cell culture, molecular biology, genetics, and bioinformatics. Overall, immunology is a crucial area of study within life science microbiology as it provides insights into how the body maintains health and fights off infections, while also shedding light on the underlying causes of immune-related diseases.