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Cubism, an innovative art movement originating in the early 20th century, is characterized by the fragmentation and rearrangement of form into geometric shapes. Pioneered by artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, this style sought to challenge traditional perspectives by presenting multiple viewpoints simultaneously. Cubism transcended traditional two-dimensional art, expanding into sculpture as well, with notable works such as "Head of a Woman" (1909) by Picasso. The movement had profound implications for the trajectory of modern and contemporary art, inspiring countless artists to explore new modes of representation.