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Animal nutrition encompasses the study and application of principles governing the feeding and dietary needs of various animal species, including livestock and pets. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws from biology, chemistry, physiology, microbiology, and ecology to understand how animals utilize nutrients for growth, reproduction, lactation, immunity, and overall health. Practitioners of animal nutrition apply this knowledge to formulate diets and feeding strategies that optimize animal performance, productivity, and welfare while minimizing waste and environmental impacts. They may work in academic research, government agencies, feed mills, veterinary clinics, or the livestock industry, collaborating with farmers, veterinarians, and other stakeholders to promote sustainable and ethical food production systems. Animal nutrition is critical for ensuring a safe and secure food supply, protecting animal health and welfare, and conserving natural resources.