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Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems that are home to many different marine organisms. They are formed over thousands of years as tiny animals called corals secrete calcium carbonate, which gradually builds up and forms large structures. These structures provide shelter, breeding grounds, and feeding areas for a wide variety of marine life, including fish, invertebrates, and other marine plants and animals. Coral reefs are an essential part of the marine ecosystem, providing food, shelter, and protection to many different marine species. They also play a critical role in maintaining the health of our oceans by serving as natural filters that remove excess nutrients and pollutants from the water. Additionally, coral reefs provide important economic benefits to communities around the world by supporting tourism, fisheries, and other industries. Coral reefs are highly adapted to their unique environment, with many different species evolving specialized traits that allow them to survive in extreme conditions. For example, some corals have developed symbiotic relationships with microscopic algae called zooxanthellae, which live within the coral's tissues and provide energy through photosynthesis. This relationship allows corals to thrive in nutrient-poor waters, making them one of the most successful organisms on Earth. As part of the marine ecosystems category, coral reefs are a vital component of the larger marine world, providing important habitats and ecosystem services that support the health and diversity of our oceans. Under marine animals adaptation, coral reefs showcase how marine life has adapted to thrive in challenging environments, highlighting the resilience and complexity of marine ecosystems.