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Neoclassicism: A European cultural movement emerging in the mid-18th century, inspired by the ideals and aesthetics of ancient Greece and Rome. It was fueled by the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason, logic, and order, leading to a revival of classical forms, themes, and values in various art forms such as architecture, painting, sculpture, literature, and music. Neoclassicism represented a desire for a return to simplicity, harmony, and moral virtues, often embodied in heroic or mythological figures, symbolizing ideals of beauty, truth, and goodness.