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Baroque Art History: A period in art history characterized by dramatic intensity and contrast, elaborate ornamentation, and intricate detail. Originated in Italy in the late 16th century as a reaction against the restrained elegance of Mannerism, it quickly spread throughout Europe, influencing sculpture, painting, and architecture. Baroque art is known for its dynamic compositions, strong emotional content, and use of light and shadow to create a sense of depth and movement. Notable artists of this period include Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Peter Paul Rubens, and Diego Velázquez.