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The Italian Renaissance was an era of cultural, artistic, political, and economic rebirth in Italy beginning in the late 14th century and lasting until the early 17th century. It was marked by a renewed interest in classical learning and values, which had a profound impact on architecture and architectural design. Italian Renaissance architecture is characterized by symmetry, proportion, and geometry, with an emphasis on light and space. The style often features columns, pilasters, pediments, domes, and arches, drawing inspiration from ancient Roman and Greek structures. Baroque architecture emerged during the late phase of the Italian Renaissance and is known for its dramatic use of color, light, and ornamentation, creating a sense of movement and energy. Overall, Italian Renaissance architecture represents a return to classical principles and ideals, reflecting the period's broader cultural and intellectual transformations.