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Data Encryption refers to the process of converting plaintext into ciphertext, which is unreadable without the decryption key. This process ensures data confidentiality and integrity as it prevents unauthorized access and manipulation of sensitive information. In the context of Identity and Access Management, Data Encryption plays a critical role in securing user identities and access credentials. It helps protect sensitive data from being intercepted during transmission or stolen during storage. By employing robust encryption algorithms and techniques, organizations can ensure that their users' identities and access rights are safeguarded, thus maintaining the overall security posture of the network infrastructure. Data Encryption also supports compliance with various regulations, such as GDPR and HIPAA, by ensuring that sensitive data is always protected, both in transit and at rest.