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Regression testing verifies that recent program changes do not adversely affect existing functionality. It involves retesting previously tested application code after making modifications to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes, and confirms that the older functionalities still work as expected. This process is crucial in maintaining software quality, particularly when updates, enhancements, bug fixes, or patches are implemented. By ensuring that previously working features continue to operate correctly following modifications, regression testing helps preserve usability and overall user experience. It fits into the hierarchy of Software Testing under Usability Testing as a methodical practice to maintain software performance and reliability after updates, thereby contributing to the overall quality of the software product.