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Software Configuration Management (SCM) refers to practices and tools used to manage changes to software throughout its lifecycle, from inception through deployment and maintenance. It involves organizing, controlling, and tracking modifications to software code, documentation, and other related artifacts, ensuring that all team members have access to the most recent and approved versions. SCM helps teams collaborate effectively, maintain version control, and resolve conflicts by promoting transparency, traceability, and accountability in the development process. It also enables efficient release management and rollback capabilities when needed, contributing to software quality and reliability.