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CRISPR Cas9 is a groundbreaking genetic engineering technique derived from natural selection, where microorganisms use CRISPR-associated systems to protect themselves against viral attacks. It functions as an adaptive immune system in these organisms. The acronym "CRISPR" stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, which are segments of DNA containing repeated sequences and unique spacers interspersed among them. Cas9 is a nuclease enzyme that works alongside CRISPR to cut specific DNA sequences at targeted locations, allowing scientists to edit genes precisely and efficiently. This revolutionary tool has immense potential in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, enabling researchers to address genetic disorders, enhance crop yields, and develop innovative solutions for diverse scientific challenges.