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Mendelian Genetics refers to the principles of genetic inheritance first described by Gregor Mendel in his studies of pea plants. It explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes, which are the fundamental units of heredity. Mendel's work laid the foundation for the modern science of genetics and is a crucial component of understanding gene expression. In this context, Mendelian Genetics describes the mechanisms by which genetic information is transmitted and expressed, delving into the specifics of how certain traits are inherited and how they manifest in an organism's phenotype. This area of study helps to illuminate the complex interplay between genotype and environment, providing valuable insights into the nature of genetic variation and its role in evolution.