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DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. It's a long, double-helixed molecule that carries genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. In the context of Genetic Engineering, DNA plays a crucial role as it is the primary focus of manipulation and modification to alter genetic traits or characteristics. It's where the genetic code is stored, and by understanding its structure and function, scientists can manipulate it to create new organisms with desired traits. This makes DNA a fundamental component in the field of Genetic Engineering, which itself falls under Environmental Science and ultimately Science.