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Cubism is an avant-garde art movement that originated in the early 20th century by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. It is characterized by the fragmentation of objects into geometric shapes, such as cubes, spheres, and cylinders, and the representation of those shapes from multiple perspectives simultaneously. This results in a distorted and abstracted depiction of the subject matter, challenging traditional notions of form and perspective. Cubism had a significant impact on the development of modern art, influencing movements such as Futurism, Constructivism, and Suprematism. It also played a role in the evolution of sculpture, printmaking, and even architecture. Overall, cubism is an artistic exploration of the relationship between form and perspective that challenges conventional representation and invites viewers to engage with art in new ways.