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Unit Testing is a software testing technique that focuses on individual units or components of a software system, verifying that they function correctly in isolation from the rest of the system. It plays a crucial role in Software Configuration Management (SCM) by ensuring that each unit of code meets its design and functionality requirements before being integrated with other units during Integration Testing. During the development process, unit tests are created to validate individual functions or methods within a software component. These tests provide quick feedback on the quality of the code, enabling developers to identify and correct defects early in the development cycle. By doing so, Unit Testing significantly reduces the risk of introducing software defects into higher-level integration testing stages, ultimately streamlining the overall SCM process. Unit Tests are typically automated, allowing for rapid execution and consistent results. When integrated with Continuous Integration (CI) systems, unit tests can be automatically executed each time code changes are committed, ensuring that any issues are detected immediately. This proactive approach to defect detection is a fundamental aspect of Software Defect Tracking, enabling development teams to address and resolve issues promptly, thereby improving software quality and reducing the overall cost of development. In summary, Unit Testing is an essential technique for validating individual components of a software system during the SCM process. It verifies that units function correctly in isolation, reducing the risk of defects being introduced during Integration Testing, streamlining the Software Defect Tracking process, and ensuring that high-quality software is delivered efficiently.