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Modems are devices used for transmitting and receiving data over communication networks such as telephone lines, cable systems, or wireless connections. In the context of electronics and computers, modems serve as an interface between a computer system and a network, converting digital signals from the computer into analog signals suitable for transmission over the network, and vice versa. Modems are considered computer peripherals as they connect to a computer via USB, Ethernet, or serial ports and enable data communication between the computer and other devices on the network. As networking hardware, modems play an essential role in establishing connections between local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs). In essence, modems are electronic devices that facilitate data transmission between computers and networks by converting digital signals into analog signals and vice versa. They enable computers to communicate with each other and access the internet through various communication channels, making them an essential component of computer systems and networking hardware.