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Orthodoxy refers to the belief in strict adherence to correct religious doctrine, practice, and interpretation, as codified by authoritative sacred texts and traditions. In the context of religions, Orthodoxy is often contrasted with heterodoxy or heresy, which signify departure from established norms and teachings. For instance, Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy are branches of Christianity that maintain distinct liturgical, doctrinal, and canonical traditions, yet both uphold the centrality of apostolic succession, sacraments, and conciliarity in preserving orthodox faith and order. In relation to Pantheism, which posits that God is equivalent with the universe or nature and does not recognize a personal deity or divine hierarchy, Orthodoxy emphasizes monotheistic belief in a transcendent, personal God who exists independently of His creation and exercises providential care over it. Thus, Orthodoxy represents a commitment to upholding traditional religious beliefs and practices, often under the auspices of established institutional authority, in contrast to more individualistic or innovative spiritual expressions that depart from orthodox norms.