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Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the energy they release. It involves observing how seismic waves travel through the Earth, interpreting their patterns to understand the structure of the planet's interior, and assessing the potential hazards associated with seismic activity. As a key discipline within geophysics, seismology contributes significantly to our knowledge of the solid Earth, its dynamic processes, and the interactions between the lithosphere, mantle, and core. By examining the physical properties of rocks and materials at depth, as well as the forces that drive tectonic activity, seismologists help us better understand the complex geological history of our planet and the potential risks associated with living on a dynamic, evolving world.