Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is the branch of theoretical physics that studies how electrically charged particles interact and move in the presence of electric and magnetic fields, as well as electromagnetic waves such as light. It encompasses Maxwell's equations, which describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields, and the Lorentz force law, which describes how charged particles interact with those fields. Electromagnetism also explores phenomena like induction, interference, and reflection, and it has wide-ranging applications in areas such as electrical engineering, optics, and quantum mechanics. As a component of theoretical physics, electromagnetism intertwines with mathematics to formulate its principles and predictions, contributing to the broader understanding of the natural world within the science hierarchy.