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Volcanoes are geological formations that occur when magma from beneath the Earth's crust forces its way to the surface, causing eruptions. They are often found near tectonic plate boundaries and can be incredibly destructive, with lava flows, ash clouds, and pyroclastic flows posing significant hazards. Volcanoes are a key area of study within volcanology, which is itself a subfield of earth science, making it an essential part of the broader category of science. Understanding the processes that lead to volcanic eruptions can provide valuable insights into the Earth's geological history and help us prepare for future events. From the devastating power of a supervolcano to the more familiar sight of a dormant volcano, this subcategory explores the many facets of these awe-inspiring natural wonders.