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Dadaism, an early 20th century art movement characterized by its rejection of traditional aesthetic values and embrace of irrationality, chaos, and nonsensicality. It emerged as a response to the horrors of World War I, with artists seeking to challenge established norms and conventions through provocative works that defied conventional logic and reason. Dadaism's influence can be seen in later art movements such as Surrealism, which similarly sought to explore the irrational and unconscious mind. Key figures associated with Dadaism include Max Ernst, who pioneered techniques such as collage and frottage to create fantastical and unsettling images that challenged conventional notions of beauty and reality. At its core, Dadaism was a radical rejection of the status quo and an attempt to subvert dominant cultural values through art.