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Plankton refers to a diverse group of organisms that inhabit aquatic environments, unable to swim against currents and drifting with water movements. These microscopic to small-sized creatures play an essential role in marine food chains as primary producers, providing sustenance for numerous larger animals. Plankton can be categorized into two main groups: phytoplankton (plant-like organisms) and zooplankton (animal-like organisms). Phytoplankton converts sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and organic matter through photosynthesis. Zooplankton feeds on phytoplankton, bacteria, and other smaller planktonic organisms, while some species are capable of ingesting larger prey like small fish. Plankton contributes to ocean nutrient cycles and global climate regulation by sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. The study of plankton, known as planktology, helps scientists understand aquatic ecosystems' health, biodiversity, and potential impacts of environmental change.