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Ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history from the archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC until the end of antiquity (c. 600 AD). It is known for its contributions to philosophy, art, science, politics, and architecture, as well as its city-states, such as Athens and Sparta. Ancient Greece is also famous for its mythology, including gods and goddesses like Zeus, Athena, and Apollo. This period laid the foundation for Western civilization and influenced many aspects of modern society.