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Greek Civilization refers to the culture, society, and historical development of ancient Greece, which played a vital role in shaping Western civilization. It encompasses various aspects, including philosophy, literature, politics, art, architecture, and science. The Greek civilization thrived from the Bronze Age to the Roman conquest, leaving behind a rich legacy that continues to influence modern society. As an integral part of Ancient Civilizations and Ancient History, Greek Civilization is rooted in the geographical area known as Greece today, along with its islands and colonies scattered throughout the Mediterranean region. The civilization's development can be divided into several periods: the Minoan, Mycenaean, Dark Ages, Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic eras. Each phase witnessed distinct advancements in various fields. Philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle introduced critical thinking and ethical principles that laid the foundation for Western philosophy. Literary works by playwrights such as Sophocles, Euripides, and Aeschylus continue to inspire modern theater and literature. The political system of Greek city-states, most notably Athens' democracy, provided a model for future civilizations. Moreover, the development of architectural styles like Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, as well as sculptures, pottery, and temples, demonstrate the sophistication and creativity of Greek artisans. In summary, Greek Civilization represents the zenith of human achievement in various fields during ancient times. As a part of Ancient History and Ancient Civilizations, it continues to hold immense value for understanding the historical development of Western culture.