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The Mayan Civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization known for its advanced writing system, monumental architecture, mathematics, astronomy, and artistic achievements. Flourishing between 2000 BCE and 900 CE, the Maya built impressive cities with elaborate temple complexes, pyramids, and ball courts. They were skilled farmers, cultivating crops such as maize, beans, and squash. The Maya also developed a sophisticated calendar system and made significant contributions to the fields of art, pottery, and sculpture. Despite the collapse of many of their city-states around 900 CE, the legacy of the Maya continues to be studied and appreciated for their rich cultural heritage.