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Late Middle Ages European Philosophy refers to the philosophical ideas and movements that emerged in Europe during the late medieval period, roughly spanning from the 12th to the 15th century. This period was characterized by a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman philosophy, as well as the incorporation of Christian theology into philosophical thought. Key figures of this period include Thomas Aquinas, William of Ockham, and John Duns Scotus, who sought to reconcile faith with reason and develop new philosophical frameworks for understanding the nature of reality, knowledge, and ethics. Themes such as metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and political philosophy were prominent in the philosophical debates and discussions of the Late Middle Ages.