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Adélie Penguins are a species of penguin found exclusively in the Antarctic region. They are medium-sized penguins, known for their distinctive black and white plumage and unique yellow feathers above their eyes. These penguins are well adapted to the harsh Antarctic environment, with a waterproof coat that protects them from the cold and helps them swim efficiently in search of food. Adélie Penguins are social birds that live in large colonies, often numbering in the thousands. They breed during the Antarctic summer, laying their eggs on rocky shores or ice floes. Both parents take turns incubating the eggs and caring for the chicks once they hatch. In terms of their place in the animal kingdom, Adélie Penguins are part of the avian class, which includes all birds. They belong to the Sphenisciformes order, which is made up of penguins, and the family Spheniscidae, which includes all extant penguin species. Within this family, Adélie Penguins are part of the subfamily Pygoscelinae, which also includes Chinstrap Penguins, Gentoo Penguins, and Royal Penguins. Adélie Penguins occupy a unique ecological niche in the Antarctic region, where they serve as both predators and prey. They feed on krill, small fish, and squid, while larger marine mammals and seabirds may prey upon them. Their populations are affected by changes in sea ice coverage and temperature, making them an important indicator species for monitoring the health of the Antarctic ecosystem.