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Flash memory is a type of non-volatile computer storage that retains its data even when powered off, making it ideal for storing critical information in electronic devices. It's often used in computers, computer peripherals, and data storage devices due to its high speed, reliability, and compact size. Unlike traditional hard drives, flash memory has no moving parts, which makes it more resistant to shock and vibration, and also allows for smaller form factors. Flash memory is based on a type of floating-gate transistor that can be programmed and erased in blocks, making it an efficient way to store data. It's commonly used in USB drives, solid-state drives (SSDs), memory cards, and other portable storage devices. Flash memory also plays a critical role in many embedded systems, such as smartphones, digital cameras, and medical devices, where its small size, low power consumption, and high speed make it an ideal choice for storing firmware and application data. Flash memory is known for its fast read and write speeds, which make it well-suited to a wide range of applications in electronics and computing. Its non-volatile nature also makes it a reliable storage option for critical data that needs to be retained even when the power is off, making it an essential component in many modern electronic devices.