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Linear Programming is the study and practice of optimizing a linear objective function, typically representing profit or cost, subject to linear equality and inequality constraints. These constraints often represent practical limitations on resources such as time, money, or materials. By applying mathematical techniques from fields like calculus and linear algebra, solutions can be found that maximize or minimize the objective while adhering to these constraints. Linear Programming is an essential tool in various industries including manufacturing, finance, and logistics. It falls under Optimization Theory within Mathematics, a branch of Science concerned with deriving optimal solutions to mathematical problems.