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Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This leads to the trapping of heat and the disruption of Earth's climate system, causing rising sea levels, melting glaciers, more frequent and intense heatwaves, as well as changes in precipitation patterns. The impacts of global warming have far-reaching consequences on ecosystems, weather patterns, and human societies, making it a critical issue for environmental conservation and sustainability efforts.