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Ecological genetics is the study of genetic variation within and between populations of organisms, and how this variation is influenced by environmental factors. It examines how genes and the environment interact to shape the genetic diversity of populations, and how this diversity in turn influences the ecology and evolution of species. Ecological genetics seeks to understand how genetic adaptation to different environments occurs, and how this adaptation affects the survival and reproductive success of individuals and populations. It also investigates how human activities, such as habitat destruction and climate change, impact the genetic diversity of populations and their ability to adapt to changing conditions.