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This category pertains to the process in which a substance transforms from a liquid state to a solid state, forming a crystal structure. This process typically occurs when the substance is cooled or evaporated, causing its molecules to arrange themselves in a repeating pattern. Crystallization is a natural phenomenon that occurs in various materials, including minerals, metals, and organic compounds. Different factors such as temperature, pressure, and impurities can influence the crystallization process, resulting in a variety of crystal shapes and sizes.