Cofactors
Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds that are bound to enzymes and are necessary for their biological activity. They can be divided into two main groups: inorganic ions and organic molecules known as coenzymes. Cofactors play a crucial role in enzyme catalysis by assisting in the transfer of functional groups during reactions. They are essential for the proper functioning of many biological processes and are often derived from vitamins and minerals in the diet.