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Cellular Biology Cell Signaling involves the complex communication processes within and between cells that regulate various biological functions. Signaling molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and cytokines are utilized to transmit messages throughout the body, triggering specific cellular responses. This intricate system plays a crucial role in coordinating essential processes like growth, metabolism, and immune responses. Cell signaling pathways involve a series of molecular interactions that allow cells to sense and respond to their environment, ultimately maintaining homeostasis and ensuring proper physiological function.